Chifukwa cha kukula kwachangu kwa mphamvu ya makompyuta a AI, kufunikira kwa ma micro-thermoelectric coolers (Micro-TECs) kwawonjezeka kwambiri mu 2026. Pamene malo osungira deta oyendetsedwa ndi AI amadalira kwambiri ma high-bandwidth optical interconnects, makumi ambiri a ma optical modules pa malo aliwonse tsopano akutumiza deta yambiri pa liwiro lofanana ndi kuwala. Kukula kumeneku kumachokera makamaka ku mavuto omwe akuchulukirachulukira okhudzana ndi kukwera kwa kuchuluka kwa makompyuta—makamaka mu zomangamanga za AI—komwe kuwongolera kutentha kolondola kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri kuti makina azidalirika, kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali wa chipangizocho. Mavutowa amawonekera m'magawo anayi ofunikira ogwiritsira ntchito:
1. Kutumiza kwa msana kwa nthawi yayitali: Ma module opangidwa ndi mafunde ochulukirapo (DWDM) optical—otha mtunda wopitilira makilomita 80—amafunikira ma Micro-TEC (ma module a thermoelectric, ma module a Micro peltier) kuti asunge kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa laser diode mkati mwa kulekerera kolimba, potero amaletsa kusuntha kwa mafunde ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma spectral channel adzipatula m'ma network apakati.
2. Malo osungira deta omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri: Mu magulu ophunzitsira a AI ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta, ma circuits ophatikizidwa a photonic (PICs) amapanga ma heat fluxes ambiri. Ma Micro-TEC, Micro thermoelectric cooling module, zinthu za Micro peltier zimapereka mphamvu yosinthasintha, yeniyeni kuti zisunge kutentha koyenera kwa ma compute ndi ma interconnect subsystems.
3. Zida zolumikizirana za 5G/6G: Malo oyambira akunja amagwira ntchito pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu (monga -40 °C mpaka +85 °C). Ma Micro-TEC, zida za Micro peltier, zoziziritsira za micro-peltier zimathandiza kulamulira kutentha kwa mbali ziwiri—kuzizira panthawi ya kutentha kwakukulu komanso kutentha panthawi ya nyengo ya sub-zero—kuonetsetsa kuti ma module optical agwira ntchito mosalekeza m'malo onse ogwirira ntchito.
4. Makina olumikizirana ogwirizana: Mu ma network a fiber-optic a m'mizinda ikuluikulu, m'dera lalikulu, komanso pansi pa nyanja, ma transceiver ogwirizana amaika zofunikira zolimba pakukhala bwino kwa phase ndi polarization pa ma signal optic. Ma Micro-TEC, ma module a Micro-peltier, ma micro thermoelectric coolers amapereka kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa sub-millikelvin-zofunikira kwambiri pakusunga kukhulupirika kogwirizana komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zolakwika za bit (BER).
5. Mauthenga okhudza mafakitale ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri: M'malo ovuta—kuphatikizapo makina odziyimira pawokha a mafakitale, makina owunikira, ndi ntchito zoyendera ndege—Micro-TEC, zinthu zazing'ono za peltier zimaonetsetsa kuti ma module owunikira amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa kutentha kwakutali (−40 °C mpaka +105 °C), zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yodalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.
I. Kuwongolera kutentha kolondola monga chowongolera chachikulu cha kukula
Ma module othamanga kwambiri—makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito pa 800G, 1.6T, ndi 3.2T data rates—amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha komwe kumasokoneza. Ma laser diode amasonyeza kudalira kutentha kwamkati, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito:
• Kusuntha kwa Wavelength: Ma laser ogawa ma feedback (DFB), mwachitsanzo, amasonyeza coefficient ya wavelength-temperature ya ~0.1 nm/°C. Pamalo ogwirira ntchito (0–70 °C), izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi 7 nm ya spectral shift—kupitirira malo a channel m'machitidwe ambiri a DWDM ndikupangitsa kuti inter-channel crosstalk ndi BER escalation zichitike.
• Kusakhazikika kwa mphamvu ya kuwala: Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kumasinthasintha mwachindunji mphamvu ya laser threshold current ndi slope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yotulutsa isinthe komanso chiŵerengero cha signal-to-noise (SNR) chiwonongeke.
• Kukalamba kwa chipangizo mwachangu: Kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kunja kwa envelopu yabwino kwambiri yotenthetsera kumathandizira njira zowononga—kuphatikizapo kusungunuka kwa mbali ndi kuchuluka kwa chilema cha quantum—kuchepetsa nthawi yocheperako mpaka kulephera (MTTF).
Popeza pali zoletsa izi, ma module opangidwa ndi AI a m'badwo wotsatira amalamula kulondola kwa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa ±0.05 °C kapena kupitirira apo—zofunikira zomwe ma Micro-TEC okha, zida zazing'ono za peltier, ma module a micro TEC, ma module a micro thermoelectric amatha kukwaniritsa mkati mwa zinthu zochepa (<3 mm² footprint) ndi nthawi yoyankha ya sub-100 ms. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi ma module onse apakati ndi apamwamba a 800G+ amaphatikiza machitidwe oyang'anira kutentha otsekedwa omwe ali ndi ma Micro-TEC, ma module a Micro-TEC, zida zazing'ono za peltier, ma thermistors a micro TE modules, ndi ma IC odzilamulira kutentha—mogwira mtima “amatseka” kutentha kwa laser junction kufika mkati mwa ±0.02 °C kuchokera pamalo okhazikika.
Kufunika kwa ntchito kwa Micro-TECs, ma module ozizira a thermoelectric, ndi zinthu zazing'ono za thermoelectric m'ma module optical kumaphatikizapo miyeso itatu yodalirana:
• Kukhazikika kwa Spectral: Kuletsa mwamphamvu kwa wavelength drift kumaonetsetsa kuti njira yolumikizirana ikuyenda bwino, kumachotsa kukhudzana, komanso kumasunga BER yotsika pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu;
• Kukonza bwino kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro: Kuziziritsa/kutentha kosinthika kumathandizira kusintha kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika nthawi zonse komanso komwe kumayambitsa kudzaza, kukhazikika kwa mphamvu ya kuwala ndikukweza kuzama kwa modulation ndi kutha kwa magetsi;
• Kutalikitsa moyo wonse: Kuchotsa kutentha bwino kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwa kutentha, kuchedwetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kulephera kwa nthaka ndi 40% (pa deta iliyonse yofulumira yoyesera moyo).
II. Kuchulukitsa kwa ma module a Micro-TEC, micro peltier pa seva iliyonse ya AI
Ma seva ophunzitsira a AI amakono nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza ma module 16-32 othamanga kwambiri a kuwala—iliyonse imafuna ma Micro-TEC 2-3, ma module a micro thermoelectric (ma module ozizira a micro thermoelectric) kutengera kuchuluka kwa deta, kapangidwe ka ma paketi (monga, ma optics ophatikizidwa, CPO), ndi malire a kapangidwe ka kutentha. Motero, seva imodzi yapamwamba ya AI ikhoza kukhala ndi ma Micro-TEC 40-90 (zinthu za Micro-peltier)—zomwe zikuyimira kuwonjezeka kwa 5-10× kuposa ma seva wamba amakampani. Popeza kutumiza ma module a 800G/1.6T padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kupitirira mayunitsi 15 miliyoni pachaka pofika chaka cha 2026, kufunikira kwa Micro-TEC konse kwa magulu a AI a petabyte kukuyembekezeka kufika mayunitsi mamiliyoni ambiri pachaka.
III. Kutulukira kwa mapangidwe a hybrid liquid cooling + Micro-TEC (micro thermoelectric cooling modules)
Pamene ma accelerator a AI a m'badwo wotsatira—kuphatikizapo nsanja ya NVIDIA ya GB300—akukakamiza ma envelopu amphamvu a GPU kupitirira 1,000 W pa die, mayankho oziziritsira mpweya afika pamalire ofunikira a thermodynamic mu ma rack okhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi kwakhala muyezo weniweni wa kasamalidwe ka kutentha kwa rack ndi chassis. Mkati mwa njira iyi, njira yozizira yokhazikika yawonekera: kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi kumachotsa kutentha kwakukulu pamlingo wa system, pomwe ma Micro-TEC (ma micro peltier coolers) amachita malamulo okhwima, okhazikika a chip-level—kupangitsa kuti kutentha kufanane kwambiri pa ma photonic ndi ma electronic dies. Kapangidwe ka synergistic aka kayika ma Micro-TEC, ma micro-thermoelectric modules ngati chothandizira chofunikira—osati gawo lothandizira chabe—mu ma AI compute thermal stacks.
IV. Kufulumira kwa kusintha kwa dziko lapansi pakati pa zovuta zopezera zinthu padziko lonse lapansi
M'mbuyomu, >80% ya ma Micro-TEC olondola kwambiri, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi (ma Micro TEC modules) zinkaperekedwa ndi opanga aku Japan. Komabe, kufunikira kwakukulu kokhudzana ndi AI kwawonjezera nthawi yotsogolera kwa ogulitsa omwe alipo - ena opitilira milungu 26 - komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu zomwe amapatsidwa kwa makasitomala anzeru. Opanga ma module aku China aku China akugwiritsa ntchito bwino izi: kufulumizitsa ma qualification a AEC-Q200 ndi Telcordia GR-468 ndi ogulitsa ma module a Tier-1, kukulitsa mphamvu zopangira pamwezi kufika pamlingo wa mayunitsi mamiliyoni ambiri, ndikukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito ofanana (± 0.03 °C kukhazikika, >1.2 W/mm² kuzizira kwambiri) ndi makampani ena apadziko lonse lapansi.
Mwachidule, kuyanjana kwa kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma AI compute density, bandwidth escalation, ndi photonics integrals integration integrals kwakweza ma Micro-TEC (Micro peltier modules) kuchokera ku zigawo za kutentha kwapakati kupita ku zinthu zoyambira. Tsopano amagwira ntchito ngati "chofunikira chosawoneka" - chomwe chimatsimikizira chete koma chofunikira kwambiri nthawi yogwira ntchito ya AI data center, kufalikira kwa makompyuta, komanso mtengo wonse wa umwini kwa nthawi yayitali.
Beiing Huimao Cooling Equipment Co., Ltd. yokhala ndi ukadaulo woposa zaka makumi atatu pakupanga ndi kupanga ma module oziziritsa a micro-thermoelectric, Micro-TECS, kampani yathu yapanga bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayankho oziziritsa a thermoelectric omwe amapangidwira makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi. Zogulitsazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabwalo a ndege, zida zamankhwala, kulumikizana kwa kuwala, komanso ntchito zamafakitale zolondola. Timalandila mgwirizano wanzeru ndi ogwirizana nawo padziko lonse lapansi kuti tigwirizane pakupanga ndi kupanga limodzi ukadaulo woziziritsa wa thermoelectric wa m'badwo wotsatira.
TES1-00401T200 Kufotokozera
Kutentha kwa mbali yotentha: 50 C,
Imax: 0.8A，
Vmax: 0.48V
Qmax: 0.3W
Delta T max: 76 C
ACR: 0.5 Ohm
Kukula: 2.3 × 1.1 × 0.95mm
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-11-2026
